Sevier County School System Section 504 Plans
Examples of Program Accommodations and Adjustments
This part contains possible examples of 504
accommodations. This is intended to be a staff document. The following examples
are not offered as check lists and should never be considered as all-inclusive
or mandatory listings. Rather the following are examples intended to serve as
“starters” for 504 teams designing accommodation plans that meet a student’s
specific need(s). The best 504 plans incorporate teacher expertise and
available regular education resources. The Student Support Team process
involves schools in identifying the resources they (and outside agencies) have
to support various student needs. Obviously, the kinds of accommodations
schools can provide will vary based on school, level, etc. No attempt was made
to sort these examples by level, etc.
The 504 evaluation team decides the accommodations that will best
support a particular student. The following examples are organized into two
groups. The first group includes general environmental, organizational,
behavioral, presentation, and assessment strategies. The second group includes
possible examples of accommodations that might be valuable when dealing with
specific disability profiles.
- General Accommodations
- Environmental
Strategies
- Organizational
Strategies
- Behavioral Strategies
- Presentation Strategies
- Evaluation Methods
Accommodation
Examples for Specific Disabilities
Allergies
Arthritis
Asthma
ADD/ADHD
Bipolar
Cancer
Cerebral Palsy
AIDS
Cystic Fibrosis
Deaf/Hearing Impairment
Diabetes
Drugs/alcohol
Emotionally Disturbed
Encopresis/Enuresis
Epilepsy
Hearing Impairment
Learning Disability
Leukemia
Orthopedically Impaired
Student with Special Health Care Needs
Temporarily Disabled
Tourette's Syndrome
Traumatic Brain Injury
Tuberculosis
Visual Impairment
Weight (obesity, anorexia, bulimia)
General
Accommodations
General program accommodations/adjustments or
services are always made on a case-by-case basis and individualized. Accommodations are to be reasonable. Accommodations are intended to provide
persons with disabilities compensation for their functional limitation(s) due
to a mental or physical impairment. Where
Section 504 is concerned, accommodations are made to bring a student with a
disability to the same starting point as a non-disabled student. Consequently,
the accommodations defined in a Section 504 plan are those interventions that
are over and above the accommodations available to all students.
Environmental
Strategies
- Provide a structured learning environment
- Make separate "space" for different types of tasks
- Possible adapting of
non-academic times such as lunch, recess, and physical education
- Change student seating
- Utilize a study carrel
- Alter location or personal or classroom supplies for easier access
or to minimize distraction
Organizational
Strategies
- Model and reinforce organizational systems (i.e. color-coding)
- Write out homework assignments, check student's recording of
assignments
- Tailor homework assignments toward student strengths
- Set time expectations for assignments
- Provide clues such as clock faces indicating beginning and ending
times
Behavioral
Strategies
- Use behavioral management techniques consistently within a
classroom and across classes
- Implement behavioral/academic contracts
- Utilize positive verbal and/or nonverbal reinforcements
- Utilize logical consequences
- Confer with the student's parents (and student as appropriate)
- Establish a home/school communication system for behavior
monitoring
- Post rules and consequences for classroom behavior
- Put student on daily/weekly progress report/contract
- Reinforce self-monitoring and self-recording of behaviors
Presentation
Strategies
- Tape lessons so the student can listen to them again; allow
students to tape lessons
- Use computer-aided instruction and other audiovisual equipment
- Select alternative textbooks, workbooks, or provide books on tape
- Highlight main ideas and supporting details in the book
- Provide copied material for extra practice (i.e. outlines, study guides)
- Prioritize drill and practice activities for saliency
- Vary the method of lesson presentation using multi-sensory
techniques:
a) lecture plus
overhead/board demonstration support
b) small groups required to
produce a written product
c) large groups required to
demonstrate a process
d) audio-visual (i.e.
filmstrips, study prints) methods
e) peer tutors or cross-age
tutors
f) demonstrations,
simulations
g) experiments
h) games
- 1-to-1 instruction with other available adults
- Ask student to repeat/paraphrase context to check understanding
- Arrange for a mentor to work with student in his or her interest
area or area of greatest strength
- Provide peer tutoring
- Simplify and repeat instructions about in-class and homework
assignments
- Vary instructional pace
- Reinforce the use of compensatory strategies, i.e. pencil grip,
mnemonic devices, “spell check”
- Vary kind of instructional materials used
- Assess whether student has the necessary prerequisite skills. Determine whether materials are
appropriate to the student's current functioning levels
- Reinforce study skill strategies (survey, read, recite, review)
- Introduce definition of new terms/vocabulary and review to check
for understanding
- Be aware of student's preferred learning style and provide
matching instruction materials
Evaluation Methods
- Limit amount of material presented on a single page
- Provide a sample or practice test
- Provide for oral testing
- Provide tests in segments so that student hands in one segment
before receiving the next part
- Provide personal copy of test tools and allow for
color-coding/highlighting
Accommodation
Examples for Specific Disabilities
Here are some examples of accommodations and
services that might be considered for specific disability profiles. Please keep in mind that these examples are
not intended to be all-inclusive or mandatory. Do not use these examples as a
“checklist” as accommodations are to be made on a case-by-case basis specific
to individual need. Please also
remember that the mere presence of these conditions does not automatically
qualify a student for a Section 504 plan. The disability must significantly
limit one or more life functions before a 504 plan is to be considered.
Additionally, this disability must impact the student so that he or she is not
afforded access and benefit of programs and services equal to that of
non-disabled students.
Allergies
EXAMPLE: The student has severe allergic reactions
to certain pollens and foods. For
purposes of this example the condition substantially limits the major life
activity of breathing and may interfere with the student's ability to get to
school or participate once there.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Avoid allergy-causing substances: soap, weeds, pollen, food
- Inservice necessary persons: dietary people, peers, coaches,
laundry service people, etc.
- Allow time for shots/clinic appointments
- Use air purifiers
- Adapt physical education curriculum during high pollen time
- Improve room ventilation (i.e. when remodeling has occurred and
materials may cause an allergy)
- Develop health care and/or emergency plans
- Address pets/animals in the classroom
- Involve school health consultant in school related health issues
- Train for proper dispensing of medications; monitor and/or
distribute medications; monitor for side effects
Arthritis
EXAMPLE: A student with severe arthritis may have
persistent pain, tenderness or swelling in one or more joints. A student experiencing arthritic pain may
require a modified physical education program.
For purposes of this example, the condition substantially limits the
major life activity of performing manual tasks.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Provide a rest period
during the day
- Accommodate for
absences for doctors' appointments
- Provide assistive
devices for writing (e.g. pencil grips, non-skid surface,
typewriter/computer, etc.)
·
Adapt physical education curriculum
- Administer medication
following medication administration protocols
- Train student for
proper dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications;
monitor for side effects
- Arrange for assistance
with carrying books, lunch tray, etc.
- Provide book caddie
- Implement movement plan
to avoid stiffness
- Provide seating
accommodations
- Allow extra time
between classes
- Provide locker
assistance
- Provide modified eating
utensils
- Develop health care
plan and emergency plan
- Provide for
accommodations for writing tasks; a note taker, a computer or tape
recorder for note-taking
- Make available access
to wheelchair/ramps and school van for transportation
- Provide more time for
massage or exercises
- Adjust recess time
- Provide peer support
groups
- Arrange for
instructional aide support
- Install handle style
door knobs (openers)
- Record
lectures/presentations
- Have teachers provide
outlines of presentations
- Issue Velcro fasteners
for bags
- Obtain padded chairs
- Provide a more
comfortable style of desk
- Adjust attendance
policy, if needed
- Provide a shorter
school day
- Furnish a warmer room
and sit student close to the heat
- Adapt curriculum for
lab classes
- Supply an extra set of
books for home use and keep a set at school
- Let student give
reports orally rather than in writing
- Provide an awareness
program for staff and students
- Monitor any special
dietary considerations
- Involve school health
consultants in school health related issues
- Provide post-secondary
or vocational transition planning
Asthma
EXAMPLE: A student has been diagnosed as having
severe asthma. The doctor has advised
the student not to participate in physical activity outdoors. For purposes of this example, the disability
limits the major life activity of breathing.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Adapt activity level
for recess, physical education, etc.
- Provide inhalant
therapy assistance
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
- Remove allergens (e.g.
hair spray, lotions, perfumes, paint, latex)
- Make field trips that
might aggravate the condition non-mandatory and supplement with videos,
audiotapes, movies, etc.
- Accommodate medical
absence by providing makeup work, etc.
- Adjust for
administration of medications
- Provide access to
water, gum, etc.
- Adapt curriculum
expectations when needed (i.e. science class, physical education, etc.)
- Develop health care and
emergency plans
- Have peers available to
carry materials to and from classes (e.g. lunch tray, books)
- Provide rest periods
- Make health care needs
known to appropriate staff
- Provide indoor space
for before and after school activities
- Have a locker location
which is centralized and free of atmosphere changes
- Adapt attendance
policies, school day duration, or 180-day requirement, if needed
- Place student in most
easily controlled environment
Attention
Deficit Disorder (ADD) and
Attention
Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)
EXAMPLE: The student does not meet eligibility
requirements under IDEA as emotionally disturbed, learning disabled or other
health impaired. A doctor regards the
student as having ADD, and for purposes of this example, the disability limits
the major life activity of learning.
The student, because of his disability, is unable to participate in the
school's programs to the same degree as students without disabilities and
therefore is substantially limited by the disability.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Seat the student away
from distractions and in close proximity to the teacher
- State classroom rules,
post in an obvious location and enforce consistently
- Use simple, concise
instructions with concrete steps
- Provide seating options
- Tolerate (understand
the need) excessive movement
- Provide a peer
tutor/helper
- Teach compensatory
strategies
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
- Monitor for stress and
fatigue; adjust activities
- Adjust assignments to
match attention span, etc.
- Vary instructional pace
- Vary instructional
activities frequently
- Provide supervision
during transitions, disruptions, field trips
- Model the use of study
guides, organizing tools
- Accommodate testing
procedures; lengthy tests might be broken down into several shorter
administrations
- Provide counseling and
prompt feedback on both successes and areas needing improvement
- Initiate frequent
parent communication
- Establish a school/home
behavior management program
- Provide training for
staff
- Have the student use an
organizer; train in organizational skills
- Establish a nonverbal
cue between teacher and student for behavior monitoring
- Assign chores/duties
around room/school
- Adapt environment to
avoid distractions
- Reinforce appropriate
behavior
- Have child work alone
or in a study carrel during high stress times
- Highlight required or
important information/directions
- Provide a checklist for
student, parents, and/or teacher to record assignments of completed tasks
- Use a timer to assist
student to focus on given task or number of problems in time allotted.
Stress that problems need to be
- done correctly.
- Have student restate or
write directions/instructions
- Allow student to
respond in variety of different modes (i.e. may place answers for tests on
tape instead of paper)
- Give student
opportunity to stand/move while working
- Provide additional
supervision to and from school
- Adapt student's work
area to help screen out distracting stimuli
- Grade for content
integrity, and not just neatness/presentation
- Schedule subjects which
require greater concentration early in the day
- Supply small rewards to
promote behavior change
- Avoid withholding
physical activity as a negative reinforcer
- Allow for periodic,
frequent physical activity, exercise, etc.
- Determine trigger
points and prevent action leading to trigger points
- Provide for
socialization opportunities, such as circle of friends
Bipolar Disorder
EXAMPLE: The student was diagnosed as having a
bipolar disorder, however the severity (frequency, intensity, duration
considerations) of the condition did not qualify the student for IDEA. A
properly convened 504 committee determined that the condition did significantly
impair the major life activity of learning and fashioned a 504 plan for the
student. Here are some possible accommodations for this scenario.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Break down assignments
into manageable parts with clear and simple directions,given one at a
time.
- Plan advanced
preparation for transitions.
- Monitor clarity of
understanding and alertness.
- Allow most difficult
subjects at times when student is most alert.
- Provide extra time on
tests, class work, and homework if needed.
- Strategies in place for
unpredictable mood swings.
- Provide appropriate
staff with training on bipolar disorder.
- Create awareness by
staff of potential victimization from other students.
- Implement a crisis
intervention plan for extreme cases where student gets out of control and
may do something impulsive or dangerous.
- Provide positive praise
and redirection.
- Report any suicidal comments
to counselor/psychologist immediately.
- Consider home
instruction for times when the student’s mood disorder makes it impossible
for him to attend school for an extended period.
Cancer
EXAMPLE: A student with a long-term medical problem
may require special accommodations.
Such a condition as cancer may substantially limit the major life
activities of learning and caring for oneself.
For example, a student with cancer may need a class schedule that allows
for rest and recuperation following chemotherapy.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Adjust attendance
policies
- Limit numbers of
classes taken; accommodate scheduling needs (breaks, etc.)
- Send teacher/tutor to
hospital, as appropriate
- Take whatever steps are
necessary to accommodate student's involvement in extra-curricular activities if they are
otherwise qualified
- Adjust activity level
and expectations in classes based on physical limitations; don't require
activities that are too physically taxing
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
- Provide appropriate
assistive technology
- Provide dietary
accommodations
- Provide a private area
in which to rest
- Shorten school day
- Arrange for home
tutoring following treatment
- Send additional set of
texts and assignments to hospital schools
- Tape lessons. Accept the fact that the lessons and
content-area tests may not be appropriate; the student is learning many
life lessons through this experience.
- Adjust schedule to
include rest breaks
- Provide counseling;
establish peer group support
- Adapt physical
education
- Provide access to
school health services
- Provide awareness
training to appropriate staff and students
- Develop health care
emergency plan to deal with getting sick at school
- Offer counseling for
death and dying to peers/teachers/staff
- Furnish a peer tutor
- Provide student with a
student buddy for participation in sports
- Initiate a free pass
system from the classroom
- Provide lessons using
mastery learning techniques
- Provide individual school
counseling
- Begin friendship groups
for the student
- Provide teachers with
counseling, emphasizing positive attitudes
- Have a health plan for
care of mediport/any other intravenous lines and medical needs
- Plan ongoing
communication about school events
- Notify parents of
communicable diseases in school
- Designate a person in
school to function as liaison with parents as a means of updating changing
health status
Cerebral Palsy
EXAMPLE: The student has serious difficulties with
fine and gross motor skills. A
wheelchair is used for mobility. For
purposes of this example, the condition substantially limits the major life
activity of walking. Cognitive skills
are intact.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Provide assistive
technology devices
- Arrange for use of
ramps and elevators
- Allow for extra time
between classes
- Assist with carrying
books, lunch trays, etc.
- Adapt physical
education curriculum
- Provide for physical
therapy as appropriate. Such
therapy needs to relate directly to "life skills."
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distributed medications; monitor
for side effects
- Adapt eating utensils
- Initiate a health care
plan that also addresses emergency situations
- Train paraprofessionals
in the case of this student (i.e. feeding, diapering, transporting to and
from the wheelchair)
- Adapt assignments
- Educate peers/staff
with parent/student permission
- Ensure that programs
conducted in the basement or on second or third floor levels are
accessible
- Ensure that bathroom
facilities, sinks and water fountains are readily accessible.
- Provide post-secondary
or vocational transition planning.
Chronic
Infectious Diseases (i.e. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
EXAMPLE: The student frequently misses school and
does not have the strength to attend a full day. For purposes of this example, the student has a record of a
disability, which substantially limits the major life activities of learning
and working. Please review applicable District policies.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Inservice staff and
students about the disease, how it is transmitted and how it is treated.
(Consult appropriate District policies)
- Apply universal
precautions
- Administer medications
following medication administration protocols, train for proper dispensing
of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor for side
effects
- Adjust attendance
policies
- Adjust schedule or
shorten day
- Provide rest periods
- Adapt physical
education curriculum
- Establish routine
communication with health professionals, area nurse, and home
- Develop health-care and
emergency plan
- Consult with doctor,
parents, teachers, area nurse and administrators
- Train appropriate
teachers on medical/emergency procedures
- Provide two-way
audio/video link between home and classroom via computer, etc.
- Arrange for an adult
tutor at school or home
- Adapt assignments and
tests
- Provide an extra set of
textbooks for home
- Provide staff training
on confidentiality
- Provide education and
support for peers regarding issues of death and dying
- Provide transportation
to and from school if needed as a related service
- Tape books or provide a
personal reader
- Arrange to communicate
with a home computer with e-mail
- Notify parents of
communicable disease in the classroom
- Arrange for
participation in a support group
- Provide for
post-secondary employment transitions for secondary students
- Foster supportive
community attitudes regarding the District's need to provide education to
HIV positive/AIDS students
- Develop and promote a
nondiscriminatory classroom climate and supportive student attitudes
- Promote the most
supportive, least restrictive educational program
- Initiate a "Kids
on the Block" AIDS program
- Videotape classroom
teaching
- Provide a peer support
group to encourage communication
- Involve school health
consultant in school-related health issues
Cystic Fibrosis
EXAMPLE: This student is a new enrollee at your
school and has an extensive medical history.
He has significant difficulty breathing and will often be absent due to
respiratory infection. While medical
needs can be easily documented on a health plan, his educational needs also
need to be accommodated. For purposes of this example, learning is the major
life activity that is substantially impaired.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
- Create a health care
plan for management of acute and chronic phases
- Promote good
communication between parents, hospital, home and school on school assignments
- Shorten the school day
- Adapt physical
education activities
- Apply universal
precautions, correct disposal of fluids
- Recognize need for
privacy for “good coughing”
- Educate staff and peers
Deaf/Hearing
Impairment
EXAMPLE: A student was diagnosed with a substantial
hearing impairment at a very early age.
Therefore, he has both a hearing loss and a mild speech impediment. He compensates through both lip reading and
sign language. Academic abilities test
in the average range.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Allow for written
direction/instructions in addition to oral presentation
- Ensure delivery of
instruction facing the student to allow lip reading
- Provide visual
information as primary mode of instruction
- Allow for provision of
interpreter services
- Install acoustical
tile, carpeting
- Seat in a location with
minimal background noise
- Provide paper and
pencil/pen to write/draw requests when needed
- Facilitate acquisition
of TDDs and related assistive technology
- Allow for extra time
between classes
- Provide post-secondary
or vocational transition planning
Diabetes
EXAMPLE: A sixth grader with juvenile diabetes
requires accommodation to maintain optimal blood sugar. His mom provides the crackers and juice to
be used at "break" time and before physical education class. She asks that teachers remind him to eat at
a certain time of the morning if he does not pay attention to the beeper on his
watch. The youngster is very self
sufficient; while he is able to monitor his own blood sugar now, he prefers to
do this privately. Therefore, mom asks
that the equipment and a notebook/log be stored in a nearby file cabinet and
the youngster be allowed to go into the hall with the equipment to check his
blood sugar twice a day. She also asks
that his teacher allow him to use the bathroom as needed.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
·
Health
care plan for management of condition in the school setting and in emergencies
·
Educate
staff to signs/symptoms of insulin reaction/hypoglycemia; hunger, shakiness,
sweatiness, change in face color, disorientation, drowsiness Do not leave the
child alone if he/she is feeling poorly; walk to the office or clinic with the
student.
·
Train
for proper dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications;
monitor for side effects; communicate systematically and frequently with
parents
·
Adapt
physical education activities
·
Store
equipment and documentation in a readily accessible location for student,
parent and area nurse or clinic aid
·
Accommodate
food access/meal schedules rigorously
·
Allow
access to bathroom facilities
Drugs and Alcohol
EXAMPLE: The student has used drugs and alcohol for
many years. This problem has affected
the major life activities of learning and caring for oneself. The student is presently not using drugs or
alcohol and is in a rehabilitation program.
If the student is not using drugs or alcohol, he or she could qualify
for accommodations or services under Section 504.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Provide copies of texts
and assignments to treatment facility
- Arrange for periodic
home-school contacts
- Establish daily/weekly
assignments monitoring system
- Communicate with
treatment facility; pursue transition services available through the
treatment facility
- Provide/arrange for
counseling
- Establish peer support
group
- Dismiss from school for
treatment without punitive measures
- Ensure strong link with
school counselor
- Arrange for access to
treatment at private or public facilities.
- Integrate a student
assistance program into the classroom
- Inservice faculty/staff
with parent/student permission
- Provide post-secondary
or vocational transition planning
- Provide ongoing support
around chemical dependency in conjunction with other agencies
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
Emotionally
Disturbed
EXAMPLE: An emotionally disturbed student may need
an adjusted class schedule to allow time for regular counseling or
therapy. For purposes of this example,
the condition substantially limits the individual's major life activity of
learning.
Possible
Accommodations and Services:
- Train for proper
dispensing of medications; monitor and/or distribute medications; monitor
for side effects
- Maintain weekly/daily
journals for self-recording of behavior
- Establish home-school
communication system
- Schedule periodic
meetings with home and treatment specialists
- Provide carry-over of
treatment plans into school environment
- Assist with
inter-agency referrals
- Utilize behavior
management programs
- Develop contracts for
student behavior
- Post rules for
classroom behaviors; teach expectations
- Provide counseling,
social skills instruction
- Reinforce replacement
behaviors
- Educate other
students/staff/school personnel
- Foster carryover of
treatment plans to home environment
- Reinforce positive
behavior
- Schedule shorter
study/work periods according to attention span capabilities
- Be consistent in
setting expectations and following up on reinforcements/consequences
- Provide post-secondary
or vocational transition planning
Encopresis/Enuresis
EXAMPLE: A student who will urinate or defecate in
clothes. Not to be confused with
physical incontinence, but only to a needed behavior change (i.e. toilet
training, bowel/bladder retraining).
Possible
Accommodations:
- Maintain low key
responses
- Have a change of
clothes available at school in the clinic or alternative location
- Plan a consistent
response to events; send student to clinic or alternative location for
clean-up and change of clothes; while wearing latex/rubber gloves, place
soiled clothes in a plastic bag; call parent and make arrangements for
soiled items to be returned home
- Observe for consistent
trigger events
- Support bowel/bladder
retraining program that is recommended by the physician
Epilepsy
EXAMPLE: The student is on medication for seizure
activity, but experiences several petit mal seizures each month. This condition substantially limits the
major life activity of learning.